Informatics Publishing Limited

J. O. Olatoke , I. Ibrahim , M. A. Abdulraheem-Mustapha , A. B. Abdulkadir , S. M. Olokooba , R. Adimula , F. F. Abdulrazaq , A. A. Owoade

Abstract

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) recently observed that, the trend in global warming will increase the number of people suffering from various disease, hunger, malnutrition and several other ills. And true to that, the violent changes in climate have started interfering with the enjoyment of certain human rights in Nigeria. In Niger Delta area of Nigeria, gas flaring and oil spillage have indeed affected the weather thereby shortened the growing season and reduced if not totally exterminated crop production in the area. This paper therefore examines the nexus between human existences, changes in the climate and the associated problems in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria and the legal remedies available in such circumstances. Content analysis research method through literal rule of statutory interpretation was used; issues were raised on the rights of every being to live under a conducive atmosphere and the remedy thereto if same is breached. In conclusion, the paper recommends among others for the passage of a model law to punish any human act which may aggravate the negative changes the world is experiencing or which may catalyzed the natural climate wrongly.

Keywords

Climate Change, Human Rights, Niger Delta, Nigeria, Impact, Jurisprudential Discourse

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A. J. Adedeji ¹, P. A. Abdu ², P. D. Luka ³, A. A. Owoade ⁴, T. M. Joannis ⁵

Affiliations
1 Viral Research Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, NG
2 Department of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, NG
3 Biotechnology Division, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, NG
4 Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, NG
5 Regional Laboratory for Animal Influenza and Other Transboundary Animal Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, NG

Abstract

Aim: This study was designed to optimize and apply the use of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) as an alternative to conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) (FC 126 strain) in vaccinated and non-vaccinated poultry in Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: HVT positive control (vaccine) was used for optimization of LAMP using six primers that target the HVT070 gene sequence of the virus. These primers can differentiate HVT, a Marek’s disease virus (MDV) serotype 3 from MDV serotypes 1 and 2. Samples were collected from clinical cases of Marek’s disease (MD) in chickens, processed and subjected to LAMP and PCR.
Results: LAMP assay for HVT was optimized. HVT was detected in 60% (3/5) and 100% (5/5) of the samples analyzed by PCR and LAMP, respectively. HVT was detected in the feathers, liver, skin, and spleen with average DNA purity of 3.05-4.52 μg DNA/mg (A260/A280) using LAMP. Conventional PCR detected HVT in two vaccinated and one unvaccinated chicken samples, while LAMP detected HVT in two vaccinated and three unvaccinated corresponding chicken samples. However, LAMP was a faster and simpler technique to carry out than PCR.
Conclusion: LAMP assay for the detection of HVT was optimized. LAMP and PCR detected HVT in clinical samples collected. LAMP assay can be a very good alternative to PCR for detection of HVT and other viruses. This is the first report of the use of LAMP for the detection of viruses of veterinary importance in Nigeria. LAMP should be optimized as a diagnostic and research tool for investigation of poultry diseases such as MD in Nigeria.

Keywords

Herpesvirus of Turkeys, Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Procedure, Nigeria.

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